Monday, August 22, 2005

Running and Marching Speeds Required for Sports, Military

The word is that when you get to the point where you can walk at 4 mph, you are ready to begin jogging.

Mile-Run Speed Requirement in Soccer

The running fitness/training rate of pro soccer players is 10 mph, 6 minutes per mile, for 2 miles. Looking at the world records in the one mile compared to the two mile (see notes) I calculate that 12 minutes for 2 miles is the equivalent of 5:38 for 1 mile.

How Fast Should You Be Able to Run a Mile to Play Competitive Basketball?

As best as I can tell, a mile time of about six minutes is the what is required in a basketball player who hopes to play at the high school or above level. For very large heavy player such as centers a mile run in seven minutes might be tolerable, but players of more normal size such as guards, should be able to run the mile in six minutes or less if they wish to compete at the high school or better levels. My personal opinion is that coaches exaggerate the extent to which a player should be able to run a mile fast--players can be substituted in and out of games--but there you have it seems the six minute mile is the magic number for not just soccer but also for football.

How fast a player can run a mile, is supposed to be an old-fashioned way of judging whether a Basketball player is in shape. Supposedly new approaches, such as how fast a player can run wind sprints with rests between, and how fast a player can sprint a zig zag course, are better when it comes to judging how fast a Basketball player should be able to run a mile. But what the critics do'nt understand, is that the coaches who are not into using the mile run as way of judging what shape a player is in and as a way of conditioning players, all use approaches that are different from each other--it's like the Tower of Babel--so the problem becomes that it is hard to get a sense of consensus amongst the coaches who are into the wind sprints and the zig zag running etc as to what kind of time over what kind of distance is a good indicator of basketball fitness. What the anti-mile-run coaches do'nt understand, is that people and athletes are not into basketball alone; they are into basketball, and then they are also into running for general conditioning, and then they are also into soccer (called football outside the US) and so forth. Thus what is needed is for example, how the level of fitness expected for a pro soccer player (for the mile, 6 minutes) compares with the level of fitness expected for a basketball player in terms of minutes per mile.

How Fast Can Football & Baseball Players & Sprinters Run a Mile? How Fast Should They Be Able to Run it?

How fast players in various sports can run or are required to run gives you an idea of fitness levels of those play fiven sports at a high level--even if such fitness levels are not required to play these sports fairly well, even if excellence in the race (mile) used to measure the fitness level does not correlate well with excellence in the given sport, and even if putting time and energy into improving performance in the race (mile) used to measure the fitness level is not a smart move when it comes to improving in a given sport.

In football, the mile run speeds vary considerably depending on the position the player plays, and the individual characteristics of the player. Football coaches and players like wind-sprints with rest intervals much more as a way of measuring and promoting football fitness.

Yet I would guess that if you could run a mile in 7 minutes you would be running the mile as fast as your average football player at the college or better level can. I would guess taht if you ran the mile in 6:30 you would be in tems of runnning the mile, in the kind of shape (mile-wise) college-or-above level track sprinters and football players in the running positions such as running back need to be in and/or are in. My guess is that with regards to baseball, is that if you can run the mile in 7.5 minutes you are running the mile at the speed college-or-above baseball pitchers can run it in, and if you can run the mile in 7 minutes you can run at the speed baseball players who are not pitchers at the colleve-or-above level can run it in.

If you want to get in shape for ping pong, you had better be able to run the mile in 10 minutes, according to an internet source.

Some statements re mile speeds in various sports found on the internet:

Sprinters said to run mile in 5-6 minutes
9:48 said a "good time" in Cowboys pro football "Landry Mile" (1.5 miles), which I estimate equates to 6:20 mile
Many pro football players said to be poor milers
Football star Earl Campbell failed 6 minute mile run test repeatedly with Houston Oilers
Baseball star Julio Franco runs 7 minute mile
Pro baseball pitchers required to run 7.5 minute mile
College football hb anecdote 5:05 mile
college football fb anecdote 6:30 mile said to be good for fullback
sprinters said to be as fit as endurance athletes
Track coach recommends 6:30 as mile pace for HS boy sprinters
2 mile run in 16-20 minutes advised for HS football players this equates to 7:30 mile
table tennis mile, 10 minute mile

Marching/walking and running speed fitness levels for military and sports

Reported walking/marching speeds: Israeli Paras, WWII Darby Rangers, 8.7 minutes per mile, 6.9 mph over ten miles; modern US "forced march", 4.8 mph, 12.5 minutes per mile; modern US speed capability of those who are truly "all that they can be", 6 mph, 10 minutes per mile, over 6 miles carrying 35+ lbs of weight; ancient Roman "military gradu" regular march, 2.76 mph, 21.7 minutes per mile; ancient Roman quick march, 3.3 mph; modern US regular march circa 1900, 2.8 mph, 21.4 minutes per mile; modern US quick march circa 1900, 3.4 mph, 17.6 minutes per mile; civil war infantry route (15-20 miles) marching, 2.5 mph, 24 minutes per mile; civil war cavalry route (15-20 miles) marching, 6 mph, 10 minutes per mile; modern US Army trained infantry average (over 20 miles) 2.5 mph, 24 minutes per mile; French Foreign Legion "hard marching" pace, WWI Italian Elite Bersaglieri marching pace, 3.1 mph, 19.4 minutes per mile; WWI Elite Italian Bersaglieri Special Marching pace, 4.4 mph, 13.6 minutes per mile; modern USMC "normal" marching pace, 2.5 mph; Napoleonic Era French Infantry, 3 mph, 20 min per mile; ancient Roman Quick March, 3.3 mph, 18 minutes per mile; modern UK Sea Cadets quick time, 3.3 mph; modern UK Sea Cadets double time march, 6.1 mph, 9.8 minutes per mile; US WWI infantry average, 2.5 mph, 24 minutes per mile; US WWI infantry quick time, 3.4 mph, 17.6 minutes per mile; US WWI infantry double quick time, 6.1 mph, 9.8 minutes per mile; WWI cavalry walk, 4 mph, 15 minutes per mile; WWI cavalry trot, 8 mph, 7.5 minutes per mile; WWI cavalry gallop, 12 mph, 5 minutes per mile; modern normal US marching speed, 3.4 mph, 17.6 minutes; British Royal Guards marching speed 4 mph, 15 minutes per mile; me, six miles on hilly roads: Aug 21 2005, 3.5 mph, 17.2 minutes per mile; Aug 23, 3.6 mph, 16.7 minutes per mile.

There is some disagreement amongst the various internet sources regarding the exact speeds of Common, Quick, and Double Quick Time marching. It appears that: the speed of common time marching in the American Civil War was 28 inch paces, 90 paces a minute for a speed of 2.4 mph; the speed of quick time marching in the American Civil War was 28 inch paces, 110 paces a minute for a speed of 2.9 mph; the speed of double quick time marching in the American Civil War was 33 inch paces, 165-180 paces per minute, for a speed of 5.2-5.7 miles per hours.

There is apparently a surprising level of confusion regarding what military quick time and double quick times speeds should be in the 2005 AD era.

Quick time march / regular time march, ratio
ancient roman 3.3 / 2.8 118
US civil war 2.9 /2.4 121
1900 US 3.4/ 2.8 121
WWI US infantry quick time 3.4 / 2.5 136


The ratio of the quick march speed to the regular or common speed in the ancient Roman army was 118-100. In the US civil war the ratio was 121-100, in 1900 AD era US 121-100, and in the WWI US infantry 136-100. Thus this ratio grew by 15 points from 1900 to 1915, while having remained almost constant from ancient Roman to 1900 AD times. 90 years have elapsed since 1915 AD so you could say that the ratio of quick time to regular or common time should now be 136+90=226. On the other hand they ratio held constant for thousands of years. Thus as a quick estimate 136+45=181 should be the ratio of quick time speed to regular or common time speed today. Since the quick time speed of 3.4 mph for US WWI era troops is the common time speed of US troops today, the quick time speed of modern troops should be set at 1.81x3.4 or 6.1 mph or 9.8 minutes per mile. This compares with the 6.9 mph of the WWII era Darby's Rangers, the 6.1 mph of the modern UK Sea Cadets double quick time, the 6.1 mph of the US WWI double quick time, and the 5.2-5.7 mph of the US Civil War double quick time.

Double quick time march / quick time march, ratio
US civil war 5.2-5.7/2.9 179
WWI US infantry quick time 6.1 / 3.4 179


The ratio of the double quick time march to the quick time march has held constant at 179-100. Thus if the quick time march is 6.1 the double quick time march should be 1.79x6.1=10.9 mph which would be 5.5 minutes per mile. Word is that the double quick time of the Civil war era was a run or a jog as opposed to a march or walk, so the idea of a double quick time that involves running at a certain speed should be nothing new.

At What Pace of Walk Must Men Break Into a Run, if they are to Propel Themselves Any Faster?

Any pace that you walk you can also jog at that same pace; the question on my mind has been, at what pace troops or myself, have reached the maximum walking pace, beyond which we would have to break into a jog or run to go any faster?

Such varies according to the individual and according to the era, but it seems that unless men are trained in the art of "race-walking" wherein the feet are in a straight line, the legs are straight, and one foot is always on the ground, the fastest walking speed they can attain is approx 6.0 mph. To travel at a pace faster than 6 mph, they have to break into a run or jog.

If men are trained in the art of walking like race-walkers, a form of walking men do not instinctively adopt, they can increase their speed without running, all the way up to 10 mph over 6 miles.

I suppose it varies with the individual and his particular circumstance, whether he would be better off jogging or walking to cover a given distance in a given time.

Some Speed estimates I found on the Internet:

British Royal Guards marching speed 4 mph
mean comfortable walking speed men 146.2 cm/s
57.56 inches per second, 3.3 mph
maximum gait speed men 253.3 cm/s 5.7 mph
4.5 km hr normal walking speed humans or 2.8 mph
average human walking speed 8m 9 yds per sec WRONG that's 18.4 mph
average speed in combat 18 yds 16 m per 6 sec WRONG that's 37 mph
strolling 3 mph
brisk earnest (fitness) striding or aerobic walking 4 mph
racewalking 5 mph
average jogging 7 mph
olympic racewalking 9 mph
speed walking 3.5-5.5 mph
racewalkers 6-9 mph
treadmill speed required for most walkers 5-6 mph
very fast walkers treadmill speed required >6 mph
casual walking 2 mph
purposeful or functional walking 2-3 mph
hiking or distance walking 2-5 mph
treadmill walking 3-5 mph
race walking 6-9 mph
expert walker 9.2 mph
fast walker 4.5 mph
world road walking record 10 km 37:11 that's 10 mph 6 miles per minute


See notes and tables re:

Marching
http://www.angelfire.com/ma/vincemoon/marching_running.htm


Fitness levels required for basketball
http://www.angelfire.com/ma/vincemoon/basketball_mile.htm


When a walk breaks into a run
http://www.angelfire.com/ma/vincemoon/runtowalk.htm


Fitness levels characteristic of/required for football, baseball, sprinting
http://www.angelfire.com/ma/vincemoon/fbal_bsbal_sprint_mile.htm

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